You are doing your usual general surgical list at a private hospital. On the table you have a 55-year old woman having an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Her medical background is significant for sarcoidosis. After capnoperitoneum has been established, you hear the monitors alarm and see the following on the screen:
Heart rate 28 bpm
Systolic blood pressure 77 mmHg
Question 1
What do you do?
Question 2
What are the potential causes of this patient’s bradycardia?